This topic is known in the online business as the portfolio, "a selection of a student's work (such as papers and tests) compiled over a period of time and used for assessing performance or progress" (Source https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/portfolio).
Moodle is not designed primarily to be a portfolio, as you have realized. Still there could be limited solutions within Moodle. For example you can create a "cohort course". Say the full intake of a certain year/semester is also enrolled in this course. You keep that course running till they graduate.
Depending on how mature they are, the students might like or dislike shifting a summary of their work from the (detailed) courses to this central course. The plus side is, the students do it themselves, you the teachers, don't have to copy things between courses.
Depending on how mature they are, the students might like or dislike shifting a summary of their work from the (detailed) courses to this central course. The plus side is, the students do it themselves, you the teachers, don't have to copy things between courses.