If you know what you are doing, this shouldn't be too hard. In a somewhat normal Linux, MySQL, php environment, I would first install the initial 10 Moodle's as fresh installs. These installs should all have the some plugins. Verify that all 10 are working.
Then, I would backup the original database and moodledata folders, and then restore these backups into the 10 other installations. You would need to know how to install the backups to the correct moodledata folder and the correct MySQL database. Given exact same server configurations, you would then have 10 identical Moodles until someone did something new on the original.
In theory, you could use rsync to keep all 10 sites synchronized. Upgrading moodle could be a little tricky because you would have to leave each Moodle's config.php file untouched. With time, you might be able to write your own script files to do much of the work.
Well, this is the general approach. Try #1 first and see if you have success. With success, by the time you do your 10th try you will probably have the hang of it.
(Others here might add or subtract to what I have said, especially if I mis-understood your need.)
On a good day, I can create a new copy of my production moodle in less than 30 minutes or so, and I am still a novice network/moodle administrator.