There is no plugin that does this at the moment. I maintain a plugin called question practice and I have thought about doing something similar to what you describe.
https://moodle.org/plugins/mod_qpractice
However such a development would take quite a bit of time and there always seems to be something else to do.
One of the problems with that functionality is that it would take a great deal of work to generate sufficient questions to make it viable. There is a very good plugin that would help with that called Student Quiz.