A number of Moodlers have contributed packages here to make it easy to run a Moodle on USB, CD etc. but the one I've used a few times is located here:
http://cent.uji.es/moodlemoot/files/Moodle4Windows.zip
This XAMPP package does it all for you. It's as easy as it gets... this was packaged and contributed by Eloy Lafuente (stronk7), a regular at this site.
It uses an old version of Moodle but this is easily upgraded to a new version by following these instructions:
http://moodle.org/doc/?frame=upgrade.html
Installing and upgrading help
EasyPHP not installed properly
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