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M

M 3000

The optimum HIGH FREQUENCY radio wave with a 3000 km range, which reflects only once from the IONOSPHERE (single hop transmission).

MAGFLARE

A geomagnetic and/or cosmic storm has been associated with this flare.

MAGNETIC BAY

A relatively smooth excursion of the H (horizontal) component (see GEOMAGNETIC ELEMENTS) of the geomagnetic field away from and returning to quiet levels.

MAGNETOGRAM

Solar magnetograms are a graphic representation of solar mag- netic field strengths and polarity.

MAGNETOPAUSE

The boundary layer between the SOLAR WIND and the MAGNETO- SPHERE.

MAGNETOSPHERE

The magnetic cavity surrounding the earth, carved out of the passing SOLAR WIND by virtue of the GEOMAGNETIC FIELD, which pre- vents, or at least impedes, the direct entry of the SOLAR WIND PLASMA into the cavity.

MAJORFLARE

This flare is the basis for the forecast of geomagstorm, cosmic storm and/or protons in the earth's vicinity.

MEDIUM FREQUENCY. (MF)

That portion of the radio frequency spectrum from 0.3 to 3 MHz.

MeV

Mega (million) electronvolt. A unit of energy used to describe the total energy carried by a particle or photon.

MICROWAVE BURST

A radiowave signal associated with optical and/or X-ray FLAREs.

MIDDLE LATITUDES

With specific reference to zones of geomagnetic activity, "middle latitudes" refers to 20 deg. to 50 deg. geomagnetic.

MOUNT WILSON MAGNETIC CLASSIFICATIONS

Alpha. Denotes a unipolar SUNSPOT group. Beta. A sunspot group having both positive and negative mag- netic polarities, with a simple and distinct division between the polarities. Beta-Gamma. A sunspot group that is bipolar but in which no continuous line can be drawn separating spots of opposite polarities. Delta. A complex magnetic configuration of a solar sunspot group consisting of opposite polarity UMBRAe within the same PENUMBRA. Gamma. A complex ACTIVE REGION in which the positive and nega- tive polarities are so irregularly distributed as to prevent classification as a bipolar group.