mmmm I am not sure about what you mean by:
- Every professional has an account (“student”)
The structure may not be that clear for you yet. Once enrolled, into the Moodle, all accounts are "authenticated users". When they are assigned a course, they are students, non-editing teachers, teachers, managers. The Moodle Admins and teachers set that up with their courses and as they enroll people.
As far as:
- the audit-list is in one central place and NOT to be edited by the teachers
- teachers have no access to other students than their own employees/students
- results need to be visible on the students dashboard
Yes, sure. you can create a single course that cannot be edited by anyone other than the person who created the course. You can make anyone you like a "Non-editing teacher" though, but if you do not want anyone else to see the data, then use Roles to control everything and anyone. Some roles, Teachers, grant editing rights in courses. other roles do not unless you deliberately assign them.
In any case, what you want is reassurance that you can do in Moodle what you want to do. Yes, you can, considerably better than the other ones.