Hi
>> What is the value of $CFG->wwwroot in your moodle/config.php?
> My planned moodle path is
http://moodle.districtname.net/moodle.
Then leave $CFG->wwwroot = '
http://moodle.districtname.net/moodle'. Moodle needs the absolute
URL by design, that for a reason. Sure there are ways of making the same site work on different URLs. Since you are just starting, I advice you to stick to the design.
> Which moodle/config.php should I be working with? I'm assuming the one in /var/www, but I know there is also /etc/moodle/config.php as well.
I you've followed
http://docs.moodle.org/22/en/Installation_on_Ubuntu_using_Git the Moodle source comes under /var/www/moodle. That is where the config.php is.
How come you have a /etc/moodle/config.php? Did you go "apt-get install moodle"? That would be a disaster! The Debian Moodle package is broken since a long time.
>> Have you started a browser in the server (the Ubuntu machine) and visited http://localhost/something?
> Up until I tried to make it locally accessible, I was doing all of my Moodle config work on the server itself in a local browser. It worked fine until I changed the wwwroot path from http://localhost/moodle to
http://moodle.districtname.net/moodle.
>> What did you change back? Do you mean you opened config.php and changed $CFG->wwwroot to 'http://localhost/something'?
> Yes, it was my wwwroot value in config.php. Now that I changed it back to http://localhost/moodle I can access it within the browser on localhost but internally if I try to visit the site internally with
http://10.0.0.30/moodle or http://MoodleServer/moodle I can't access it at all.
As mentioned above, stick to
http://moodle.districtname.net/moodle for the time being. If that collides with internal IP-addr/DNS visit the site from a client in the Internet. (You can still be in the Ubuntu through SSH, for eg. PuTTY.)
> I know my external DNS records are set up properly because originally I could arrive at moodle.districtname.net/moodle but I couldn't log in at all. I figured that was an issue with the advertised configuration of Moodle itself.
OK. Then visiting
http://moodle.districtname.net/moodle from the Internet is the right thing.
> I will work on getting the DNS records straight, but any more feedback on the configuration would be fantastic.
Why? Above you said, your DNS is set up properly. Are you talking about split DNS? I would wait with that till everything works perfectly from the Internet.