@Jeff If you had clearly said so in your original post it would have saved us time.
@ Tim this is not a theme issue, that table is left-aligned in all themes in Moodle 2.0.
I am personally very much against centered elements, of which there are too many to my taste in Moodle. It lends certain pages a jagged "Christmas tree" appearance. Apart from what are obviously "title" elements, everything should be left-aligned (or right-aligned for RTL languages, of course).
However, for the sake of those "center-aligned elements" fans, including the OP, here is a CSS rule to add to your current theme which will do the trick. Please carefully copy, minding the exact blanks.
#page-mod-quiz-view .generaltable.quizattemptsummary {margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}
attached screenshots (using the Fusion theme) (1) before applying CSS rule (2) after applying it (table is centered)
Joseph