You could argue that SQL is different from ever vendor because SQL was deficient in the first place.
In defence of SQL, it is quite old to begin with, at least in IT terms. The original creators probably didn't imagine how we are using it today. Imagine the problem of DBMS creators wanting to add a feature that is hard to describe (Geospatial data perhaps?) based upon the SQL specification.
So yes, each vendor has come up with their own variations for their own reasons.
At least SQL is sufficiently similar across vendors that applications like Moodle can abstract the database with enough success that when writing Moodle code that interacts with the database you can, within reason, don't need to worry to much about type of database the Moodle installation is using.