อภิธานศัพท์ประวัติศาสตร์โลกและภูมิศาสตร์

In China, a dynasty would remain in power only as long as it was providing good government. When a dynasty went into decline, and began to abuse its power, it was said to lose the Mandate of Heaven, or the favor of the gods. A strong leader would usually emerge to claim the Mandate, and establish a new dynasty. The dynastic cycle would then begin again.

A succession of rulers of a country from the same family.

A contagious viral disease originating in Africa. It is transmitted by blood and body fluids and causes body organs and vessels to leak blood, usually resulting in death.

Rights such as owning property, or the choice to be employed.

(313 CE) Proclamation by the Roman Emperor Constantine outlawing the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.

(1847-1931) American inventor. He is best know for the electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera.

Code of behavior for followers of Buddhism.

(1879-1955) American scientist best known for his theory of relativity.

(1533-1603) Queen of England and Ireland between 1558 and 1603. She was an absolute monarch and is considered to be one of the most successful rulers of all time.

Political ruler of a country of nation. Similar to a king.

1. A collection of nations or peoples ruled by a single authority, usually a monarch, but can be other systems of government as well. 2. A very large and powerful industrial organization

During the Industrial Revolution, it was the consolidation of many small farms into one large farm, which created a labor force as many people lost their homes.

A system of production in Spain

(1820-1895) German socialist and co-author of The Communist Manifesto.

A person who plans and creates mechanic structures for a variety of uses.

(1689) A Bill of Rights written after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 which placed William and Mary on the throne of England. The bill created a limited monarchy and established Parliament as the ruling body of the nation.

A monarch who retains absolute control of their country while also enacting reform based on Enlightenment ideas.

A movement in the 18th century that stressed the importance of reason and science in philosophy and the study of human society. Occurred in Western Europe.

Everything in nature including people, plants, and animals that affects development in life.