วันพฤหัสบดี, 18 เมษายน 2024, 7:38PM
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อภิธานศัพท์: อภิธานศัพท์ประวัติศาสตร์โลกและภูมิศาสตร์
B
bubonic plague | ||
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An infectious disease transmitted by fleas. It is characterized by fever, chills, and the formation of swellings. Also known as the Black Plague or Black Death. | ||
Buddha | ||
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Hindu for | ||
Buddhism | ||
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Buddhism developed in India, and is based on many of the core concepts of Hinduism.. Buddhists believe in an endless cycle of reincarnation, or samsara, which is similar to beliefs of Hinduism. However, Buddhists do not believe that deities are responsible for the phenomenon. In addition, the Caste System is rejected by Buddhists who believe instead that one is reincarnated until they can achieve nirvana, best described as spiritual enlightenment. | ||
bureaucracy | ||
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The administration portion of the government. | ||
Bushido | ||
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Code of conduct for Samurai and nobles during Japanese feudalism. | ||
Byzantine Empire | ||
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(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine. | ||
C
Cabinet System | ||
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Collection of people who run various departments in government. Usually report to the chief executive, such as the prime Minister, or the President. | ||
Caesar, Julius | ||
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(100-44 BCE), Roman general and statesman. He is responsible for setting up the imperial system in Rome which placed his grandnephew, Augustus, on the throne. | ||
calendar | ||
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A system for keeping track of time. | ||
Caliph | ||
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In Islam, the successor to the Prophet Mohammed. | ||
calligraphy | ||
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A form of fine handwriting. | ||
Calvin, John | ||
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(1509-1564) Theologian and church reformer who developed a form of Protestantism during the Reformation. His church is known for the idea of predestination, which states certain people are predestined for heaven. | ||
cannon | ||
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A weapon which uses an iron ball as a projectile and gunpowder as the blasting agent. | ||
Canon on Medicine | ||
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A book written by Ibn Sina, a famous Islamic physician, which was an encyclopedia of Greek, Arabic, and his own knowledge of medicine. This book became the standard medical text in Europe for over five hundred years. | ||
Cape of Good Hope | ||
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Southern tip of the African continent. | ||
capital | ||
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Money that is used for investment. | ||
capitalism | ||
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An economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods. Also promotes a free market regulated by supply and demand. | ||
caravel | ||
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A Portuguese ship that had a large cargo area and used two orthree masts. | ||
Carbon-14 Dating | ||
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A | ||
Cardinal Richelieu | ||
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(1585-1642) French Cardinal and politician responsible for instituting absolutist practices in France. | ||