วันเสาร์, 20 เมษายน 2024, 7:50AM
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Social Darwinism | ||
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A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background. | ||
social rights | ||
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Rights such as freedom of expression, education | ||
socialism | ||
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A political system where the means of production are controlled by the workers and all things are shared evenly. Socialist policies provide for government funding of many basic needs such as food, shelter, and medical care. | ||
Society of Jesus | ||
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Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1540 to setup schools and serve as missionaries, spreading church teachings. | ||
Solidarity | ||
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An independent Polish labor Union which fought against communism in Poland in the 1980s. Most notable for helping to end communism in Poland and throughout Eastern Europe. | ||
Songhai | ||
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One of the west African Trading Kingdoms. They were rich in gold and established a vast trading network across the Sahara desert. | ||
sovereignty | ||
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The right of a country to govern itself without interference. | ||
Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) | ||
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Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Formed in 1922 from most of the former Russian Empire. The Soviet Union was controlled by the Communist Party headquarter in Moscow, Russia. The Soviet Union was a world superpower along with the United States, and was one of the two major antagonist during the Cold War. | ||
Space Race | ||
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Term given to the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War to advance their space programs. | ||
Space Shuttle | ||
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A reusable space vehicle built by the United States. | ||
Spanish Armada | ||
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A large flotilla of ships sent by Philip II of Spain to attack England in 1588 because of the Reformation. The Armada was destroyed by poor weather and the English Navy. | ||
Spanish-American War | ||
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(1898) A war between the United States and Spain over the control of Cuba. The United States won this war and gained independence for Cuba, and control of the Philippines. | ||
spheres of influence | ||
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An area of one country under the control of another. In China, these areas guaranteed specific trading privileges to each imperialist nation within its respective sphere. | ||
spinning jenny | ||
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A device used to make thread. | ||
spinning wheel | ||
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A device used to make thread by spinning fibers together through the use of a big wheel. | ||
Spirit of the Laws, The | ||
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A book written by Baron de Montesquieu describing his theories on government. He states that government should divide itself according to its powers, creating a Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branch. Montesquieu explained that under this system each branch would Check and Balance the others, which would help protect the people's liberty. | ||
Sputnik | ||
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Soviet satellite put into orbit around Earth in 1957. It was the first man made satellite put into orbit. | ||
stalemate | ||
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A situation where there are no clear winners. | ||
Stalin, Josef | ||
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(1879-1953) The General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party from 1922 until 1953. Known for his brutality in dealing with opponents and his failed policies of collectivism that caused widespread famine across the Soviet Union. | ||
starvation | ||
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The process of dying due to lack of food. | ||