By default, this is visible in the student course-level profile (found under the list of courses they are enrolled in). A student would go to the course participants page, click their name, then scroll to the bottom of their course profile page (alternately, they can go to their site-level profile, then select a course from the list, and that will also bring them to their course-level profile). This ability to see the groups listed here "can" be turned off by admin so only staff can see it, so you'll want to check with your admin on that to see if it's on or off.