Well, guess I missed 'already upgraded to 3.0.9 ...' ... which is also still behind and no longer getting fixes and updates for anything ... but you know that.
I do re-call there being issues with certain role conflcts (superuser/course creator?) on restores, but not on backups - and not error 500's.
Windows systems use 'Administrator' as super user ... there is a config.php line that dictates 'admin' in Moodle being admin in moodle ... supposedly not to confuse WinDoze whose system admin might have changed 'Administrator' to 'admin'.
$CFG->admin = 'admin';
Dunno if that would be a factor or not ... again ... don't do Windoze.
Approach to backing up .... check to see who on the system has superuser/admin rights. Write them down. Go into troubled courses. See if those users are also assigned as course creators or Teachers in the course. Remove those users .... leaving only the students.
Try a backup.
What are you using for authentication? On Windoze would assume LDAP. Are there any users in troubled courses that are authenticating with something other than LDAP?
Moodle either does all users or none ... nothing in between - no user select list.
IF one can get a .mbz backup and restore fails ... might be due to roll conflict. I've had to un-gizip an old backup, edit users.xml removing the user ID'd as having a conflicting role (Moodle doesn't tell you which user ... just that there is a role conflict), then re-gzipped the backup making sure moodle_backup.xml is at the root of the gzip compressed file. Then, and only then, would the course restore.
Still however, that situation didn't throw a 500 error. ?????
what happens if you make a no user ... no students no work no assignments no files ... no teacher ... backup of a troubled course?
What addons do you have installed?
Am nearing ropes end here and some of what I might suggest just might send you down a rabbit hole ... illusive 'wabbit' (Elmer Fudd here).
Shame shame on Windows experts in these forums.
'spirit of sharing', Ken
'spirit of sharing', Ken