There are some ways to do something similar to what you describe. E.g. You can make learning plans expire on a specified date. You can create duplicate a competency framework annually and you can migrate courses from one version of a competency framework to the next (without having to manually update all the courses).
These features can be put together to require someone to annually re-achieve a competency (which is a actually a new competency for every year).
Expiring a competency after a time period or on a certain day has been mentioned but I don't think anyone has created a tracker issue for it (it seems like a good idea).