Well, if it consistently fails, trying the same way without any changes will probably result in same - failed restore. (been there myself!) Checking error logs shows nothing new? In the moodledata directory ./temp/backup/ is there a .log file that has the same content hash name as the directory that was being used to restore the course? That .log file is ascii and can be opened with any text editor. It won't give any humanly understandable info cept for a number which corresponds to the plan for restoring the course. 1000 seen, then the restore completed - any number below that kinda indicates the point at which it failed .... users, quizzes, activities, etc. are handled differently.
It's further along that it was ... right? How about increasing values for PHP and MySQL higher ... you can always back them down later.
Just how big is this backup? Have some tinker servers that we can use if you want further inspection of the issue (not that this offer will resolve it).
PM me and provide a real EMail addy and I'll set you up in one so you can upload the backup so that I can inspect.
'spirit of sharing', Ken