Hi Ryan
As this post is focused on learning theories and gamification, I have made a new forum post to continue your thoughts on Games in Moodle here:
https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=276994
Just quickly... I have tried to add HTML5 games to Moodle and found the best tool was Construct 2 https://www.scirra.com/construct2 . I exported the treasure map as HTML5 and embedded with an iframe. I have also been using Adobe Captivate 8 which can send results back to the LMS through scorm. The responsive design, advanced variables and javascript options in Adobe Captivate make it an awesome rapid development tool for HTML5 games. I will try to add some links to examples in the other forum post when I get back from my Aussie summer bush camping.
Merry XMAS to you all!