Moodle in English: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 11:03 AM

Have just moved my moodle 1.5 into the production environment and am having huge issues with CPU usage maxing out with only 15+ logins.

My specs:
Dell PowerEdge 1600SC Rack Mount
- Inetl Xeon 3.2GHz 1Mb Cache
- 2Gb RAM
- 73Gb Ultra 360 HD in RAID 1 config

Mandrake Linux 10 OS
Apache 2 webserver v2.0.50
PHP v4.3.8
MySQL v4.0.18

Symptoms
I am new to server admin and am unsure as to where I should start looking.

1. Server runs fine with very small load. Last friday had 30 teachers log in and server CPU went to 98% usage. Most got the error:

"Error: Database connection failed.

It is possible that the database is overloaded or otherwise not running properly."

I am assuming this is due to my server CPU maxing out.

2. Used top in unix and am having issues identifying where my CPU load is being generated from . The httpd requests were running at 5% and the other 90% of CPU didn't seem to be listed as being used by any other process.

3. Not sure if this is related. Taking forever (5+ seconds to load pages in IE but Firefox loads fast)

Settings
Langcahe is on

Langmenu is off

dbsessions are off

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Any suggestions in how to properly diagnose this are more than welcomed

Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Vu Hung - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 12:01 PM

1. I think CPU is one problem, the other problem is memory capacity. Moodle developers are discussing about using application/session variables to reduce memory load (see more at http://moodle.org/mod/wiki/view.php?id=2935&page=view/Application%2FSession+Variables)

3. Your problem already dicussed at: http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=25179. I think they found the solution to this problem.

That's all that I can share with you. Good luck!
Vu Hung

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 1:11 PM

I would have thought that kind of processor and memory should easily handle 100 logins. I have looked into persistant logins with no louck. i am looking into other suggested solutions and will keep all informed.

Am looking for what I can look at to help diagnoes the issue as i am new to this backend admin side of things

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Server performance

by Philippe Devaud - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 12:16 PM

Hello, I think you have 2 problems

1) "Error: Database connection failed.
This is due to a db connexion persistence ... see ->
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=21279&parent=100708

2) 95% ... Have you activate a PHP caching like turck_mmcache ? This will help your processor and performance.
http://turck-mmcache.sourceforge.net/index_old.html

Bye
Phil

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Re: Server performance

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 1:27 PM

Thanks phil. I have looked into both of these and am trying to find a Mandrake RPM for mmturk as we speak. :D

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 1:25 PM

Again, don't know if this is helpful to the "Pro's" out there, but my debug code gives me the following performance figures:

===============================

0.780912 secs
RAM: 5.7MB
Included 72 files
ticks: 78 user: 21 sys: 1 cuser: 0 csys: 0
Load average: 0.07

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Martín Langhoff - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 2:15 PM

Those stats are probably logged in as admin -- what happens for non-admin logins? What strikes me is that you have a high number of included files. Disable some modules, reduce the number of blocks in the homepage.

The langcache depends on having cron configured correctly. Is the cron running ok?

Bear in mind that the homepage and course page are very heavy on the server -- if you are asking users to login to test-drive Moodle, ask them to use a variety of pages and facilities for a better picture of normal usage. Needless to say, "logs" pages are also heavy ;)

You mention that top is showing high usage, but not showing user processes with high usage. Do you have a high percentage of "wait" or "sys" states? This would be indication of slow IO, which can mean a bad o outdated SCSI/IDE/SATA driver, a slow filesystem type, or even something like... a slow disk. Have you tried testing the disk with hdparm or bonnie?

I'd recommend you get sysstat installed, because following top is quite hard. Sysstat captures the stats every 5' and then you can run sar -A and see a million metrics taken over time.

turkmmcache is required for high concurrency, as is tuning your database correctly. You'll want to have persistence ON but before you do that, you'll want to use the forum search to find my posts about having maxclients tuned correctly. If you turn persistence ON without first tuning Apache and the DB correctly, it'll be far worse.

Edit: if people are using chat, you'll want to configure the chat daemon.

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 3:08 PM

Matrin, as always your a brilliant resource. Thanks again.

My issues seem to rise on many fronts. And the forums here, while getiing larger and larger to sift through, are proving just as usefull.

I have found my issues included but are not limited to:

not pairing max_clients and max_connections in apache and mySQL
Not removing the tabs-hover script from lib/javascript.php
not properly checking/repairing tables regularly
"heavy" blocks on the homepage (ie calendar or tree)

Good news is that by looking into these issues it seems I may have repaired my troubles. Not sure until it is properly load tested (any Open Source options here), but so far am showing far better stats.

You can see it now and tell me how fast it is for you at:

http://montenet.monte.nsw.edu.au

I will try and document all these into a FAQ of sorts for other troubleshooters.

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Jeffery Watkins - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 12:29 AM

Julien,

Can you share how you did the javascript tree menu on your Moodle site?

Thanks,

Jeff

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 1:23 PM

that is using the course_block made by Michael P.

It is in contrib in the CVS

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Martín Langhoff - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 7:34 AM

If you can put a brief Moodle tuning guide with what you've learned, I'm sure people will be interested (and thankful). The current Moodle Developer Wiki is a good place to draft it

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Don Hinkelman - Tuesday, June 14, 2005, 2:48 PM

Hi Julian,

I can assure you that your problem is *not* hardware--your CPU and memory are great. It is somewhere in software settings and tuning. Look below and see the results of a very similar server installation which achieved 60 simultaneous users doing very heavy audio quizzes. Sorry I can't help you with the tuning, we had a server specialist set up the LAMP+PHP accelerator.

Our school did an English placement test (Moodle Quiz Module, ver 1.4.4 with 30 audio questions) this past April 2005 for all 1100 entering freshmen to our university. If you check an earlier report, you will notice in April 2004, I used a single slow Mac as a server--and yes, another thread shows us OS X and MySQL don't love each other so well--no problem with Linux and MySQL. This is what we did to make our test a complete success.

switched to cheap Linux servers (see specs below)
divided the students into 5 sessions of up to 250 students each
used four servers (one server per 55 students)

The students and teachers had no problems--speed was fantastic. 3-5 seconds to load the full 50 question test (55 students at the same time on campus). I was off-site in Australia and it still took me only 8-12 seconds loading at the same time the students were doing it! A server technician watched the load in real time and noticed **no** slowdown spike at the beginning of the session. He reckons we only needed two servers, and each could handle 120+ users at the same time. Here are the server specs and some other notes--each server cost US$1500 back in March 2005.

Dell small business server--no OS, no monitor/keyboard
Dual Xeon 2.8ghz CPU
2GB Memory
80GB hard drive
Internal LAN--servers in another building on campus
Fedora Core 1, Apache 2.0.50, PHP 4.3.1, MySQL 4.1.10a
Ioncube PHP accelerator for PHP 4.3.0

I think this shows that for very low cost you can build a fast, heavy duty server that will handle the highest load situations for Moodle 1.4--long quizzes with audio files. 1.5 should be even faster with the new paged quiz option (all quiz questions load page by page, not all at the beginning).

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 1:22 PM

Sadly problem still occurs even after all suggested fixes have been put in place.

I have attached an image from top showing performance.

As you can see swap isnt the culrit either.

So yet again, open to more suggestions

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Martín Langhoff - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 2:25 PM

There is something abnormal on that top reading -- can't be pegging 94% user and not show you at least a few processes hogging it.

I can understand it if you are not root, the SELinux patches are applied, you're on Solaris, on AIX, or perhaps you are in a rented "virtual server". If you're running a vanilla 2.4 or 2.6 kernel, I'm tempted to thing you have a problem somewhere. I'd say probably sar (sysstat) and iostats can help you there.

BTW: get rid of all the crud you don't need

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Wednesday, June 15, 2005, 2:53 PM

ahhh..now you see my confusion. I will attempt to install sar and post back the results tomorrow

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Tuesday, June 21, 2005, 12:34 PM

this issue is starting to drive me insane.

Followed the old maxim last night of "If at first you dont succeed, kill it and start again"

Having followed this to the letter be formatting and reinstalling from scratch, I thought my issues would have been solved. BUT NO!!

Instead, rather than maxing out my server just freezes...stopps dead in its tracks. It does this with userload and without. I have used the ab test with the following results but don't really know how to read these reports. So I am posting them here to see if any of you guru's have an ideas.

The test was with 100 connections and 500 concurrent users on the url montenet.monte.nsw.edu.au/index.php (my Moodle page)

Included in this screenshot is top running on the right and mytop running on the bottom.

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Martín Langhoff - Tuesday, June 21, 2005, 1:57 PM

The ab options you're using don't make much sense

Give it -n 1000 -c 10 for a more reasonable test. It'll hit the same URL 1000 times, with a concurrency of 10. Having concurrency < number of hits doesn't make sense at all. And having concurrency over 50 doesn't make sense either ;)

You have to consider that ab takes concurrency very literally at the connection level. Even with thousands of users, we rarely see more than perhaps 20 really concurrent connections.

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by Julian Ridden - Friday, July 22, 2005, 12:51 PM

Thought I should finally post the resolution to the issue as it was finally solved a little while back.

In the end it was my Linux install. We used Mandrake 10.1 for our OS and guess what? It was released with a dodgy kernel. As the kernel itself is not monitored by top this is why the use of CPU could not be tracked to a process.

Having finally discovered this fact we installed the newly patched Mandrake 10.2, and after following many of the suggestions on this forum, now have our server happily serving pages to all our users over the last week at an average page load time of 0.23 seconds.

Thanks to all who posted in this forum. Your help was invaluable.

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Re: CPU running at 95%..why!!!

by John Rodgers - Friday, July 22, 2005, 9:33 PM

Thanks Julian:

So you know, I had been watching your situation with interest, since I might be talking about scalability in the near future (I hope I will be). I find the scenarios and their resolutions posted here are as informative as the technical underpinnings.

Your posting is appreciated.

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Hardware and performance

CPU running at 95%..why!!!