It sounds as if you might be wanting to build a lesson using quiz type questions. I've found the lesson module works extremely well for this type of activity as you can set the jumps to trigger whole branches of different types of questions based on the answers given in the initial questions, just as you have outlined in your query.
I'm not sure what level you teach, but Laura Mikowychok has done some excellent work profiling how this works in lessons for k-12 in the U.S. I recommend bookmarking her Youtube channel. I have.